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| What is ASTM (American Standard Testing and Material) |
ASTM is an
international standard and testing organization with headquarters in West
Conshohocken, PA and offices in Belgium, Canada, China, Mexico and Washington,
DC Founded in 1898 by a group of Pennsylvania Railroad engineers and
scientists, led by chemist Charles Benjamin Dudley, to overcoming the frequent
problematic railroad material in the rapidly growing railroad industry.
Originally called the "American Society for Testing and Materials",
it later changed its name to "ASTM International" in 2001. The
association has more than 30,000 members, including users, producers, consumers
and other public interests. and also includes academics and consultants.
ASTM develops and
publishes technical standards that are accepted through consensus and are used
voluntarily for a variety of products, materials, systems and services. To
date, around 12,000 ASTM standards are used worldwide with 143 technical
standard writing committees. Standards are developed in accordance with the
principles of the World Trade Organization which include "coherence,
consensus, dimensions of development, effectiveness, impartiality, openness,
relevance and transparency." ASTM's internal standards are divided into
six categories: Standard Specifications, Standard Test Methods, Standard
Practice Guidelines, Classification Standards and Terminology Standards.
Every year ASTM
International publishes the ASTM Standards Yearbook. This standard consists of
around 80 volumes and includes standards for plastics, adhesives, and rubber
and iron and steel, nonferrous metals, metal test methods and analytical
procedures, construction, textiles, electrical and electronic insulation, water
and environmental technology, nuclear, solar and energy geothermal, equipment
and medical services, and many others.
Along with developing
standards based on consensus, ASTM International offers technical training
programs for industry and government. ASTM also conducts proficiency testing
and inter-laboratory crosscheck programs. Proficiency Testing Programs is a statistical
quality assurance program. The laboratory can assess their performance by
comparing their data with other laboratories participating in the same program.
The Skills Testing Program includes testing plastics and metals as well as
aromatic hydrocarbons, petroleum products, engine coolant, octane and textile
testing, to name a few.
ASTM also offers
training programs including continuing education or on-line training. Further
education includes courses on plastics, coal, statistics, glass, rubber and textiles.
In accordance with its provenance, ASTM offers online self-training courses for
QA / QC technicians in the construction industry such as cement testing,
concrete strength testing, and aggregate testing and also provides on-site
training.
ASTM also offers a
certification program that includes products including materials, systems and
services and personnel to be demonstrated through third party compliance that
is independent of standards. Two of them are the Voluntary BioA Product
Labeling Program and the National Center for Aerospace Technology &
Transportation.
There are around
12,000 standard ASTM standards created by special coding. Signatures usually
consist of prefix letters and numbers that are set in sequence. Optionally
followed by a dash and the last two digits of the year in which the standard
was adopted. The standard begins with a letter indicating the division of types
with the following subject:
A = Iron and Steel
B = Nonferrous Metal
Material
C = Ceramics,
Concrete, and Stone Materials
D = Other Materials
E = Miscellaneous
Subjects
F = Material for
Specific Applications
G = Corrosion,
Deterioration and Degradation of Materials
The following is a
list of ASTM standards for material Standardization C (Ceramics, Concrete, and
Stone Materials),
- ASTM C 31 Standard Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field (Standard Practice for Maintenance of Concrete Test Specimens in the Field)
- ASTM C 33 Standard Test Method for Fine and coarse aggregates (Standard Test Method for Fine and coarse aggregates)
- ASTM C 39 Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens (Standard test method for compressive strength Cylinder Concrete Specimens)
- ASTM C 91 Standards and Concrete Standards (Standard Cement and Concrete) ASTM C 91-05 Standard Specification for Masonry Cement (Standard Specifications for Masonry Cement)
- ASTM C 150 Standard Specification for Portland Cement (Standard Specifications for Portland Cement)
- ASTM C 309 Standard Specification for Liquid Membrane Forming Compounds for Curing Concrete (Standard Specifications for Membrane Liquid Forming Compounds for Curing Concrete)
- ASTM C 618 Standard Specification for Coal Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
- ASTM C 876 Standard Test Method for Half-Cell Potential of uncoated reinforcing steel in concrete
- ASTM C 813-90 Standard Test Method for Hydrophobic Contamination on Glass by Contact Angle Measurement
- ASTM C 857-14 Standard Practice for Minimum Structural Design Loading for Underground Precast Concrete Utility Structures
- ASTM C 926 Standard Specification for Application of Portland Cement-Based Plaster
- ASTM C 955 Standard Specification for Transverse and Axial Steel Studs, Runners (Tracks), and Bracing or Bridging for Screws Application of Products and Metal Plaster Gypsum Panel Bases
- ASTM C 1112 Standard Guide for Application of Radiation Monitors to the Control and Physical Security of Special Nuclear Materials
- ASTM C 1130-17 Standard Practice for Calibration of Thin Heat Flux Transducers
- ASTM C1155 Standard Practice for Determining Thermal Resistance of Building Envelope Components from the In-Situ Data
- ASTM C 1202 Standard Test Method for Electrical Indication of Chloride's Ability to Resist Chloride Ion Penetration
- ASTM C 1270 Standard Practice for Detection Sensitivity Mapping of In-Plant Walk-Through Metal Detectors
- ASTM C 1271 Standard Test Method for X-Ray Spectrometric Analysis of Lime and Limestone
- ASTM C 1321 - 04 Standard Practice for Installation and Use of Interior Radiation Control Coating Systems (IRCCS) in Building Construction
- ASTM C0141 Standard Practice for In-Situ Heat Flux Measurements in Industrial Thermal Insulation Using Heat Flux Transducers
- ASTM C 1349 Standard Specification for Flat Glass Clad Polycarbonate Architectural